The
"Wado" story officially began in May 1934 when Hironori
Ohtsuka registered his own style of Karate, which he called "Wado
Ryu" and was recognized as an independent style. However, its
origins were developed by Ohtsuka's continuous study of all martial
arts, formulating the "Wado" techniques by combining his
own innovations & natural movements found in the other martial
arts.
The full "Wado" story began
on 1st June 1892 when Hironori Ohtsuka was born. He was born in
Shimodate City, Ibaragi, Japan, the first son of Dr. Tokuiuro Ohtsuka,
a Doctor of Medicine. Ohtsuka was first introduced to the Martial
Arts by his great uncle Chojiro Ebashi who began teaching him Jujitsu.
This marked the starting point of his life-long fascination and
obsession with the Martial Arts.
On the 1st April 1897 Ohtsuka started
school where he studied Shindo Yoshin Ryu Jujitsu, under the supervision
of Shinzaburo Nakayama Sensei, the third Grand Master of this style
of Jujitsu. The essence of this art lays emphasis upon the nature
and the grace of movement. It was originally inspired by Yoshitoki
Akiyama Sensei after observing how the willow tree laden with snow
yielded to the elements of nature, yet maintained its versatility
and flexibility to outside forces without damage. This study of
movement impressed upon the young Ohtsuka the importance of natural
flowing movements. These lessons play a major part in today's "Wado"
karate. In defense and attacking techniques the use of the opponent's
body and weight and movement play an equally significant role in
defeating your enemy as your own body movements,
Ohtsuka continued his studies of
Shindo Yoshin Ryu Jujitsu whilst at Waseda University from 1910
to 1917 reading commerce. Ohtsuka also studied different styles
of Jujitsu, experimenting between styles concentrating on their
"positive quality". During his period at University he
was able to examine the techniques of most Martial Arts. He developed
and improved certain techniques of the existing arts combining them
with other "innovative" techniques. Whilst studying Jujitsu,
Ohtsuka learned a great deal about the body's "vital points"
both for attacking and healing purposes, he also studied the art
of "bone setting".
In 1917 Ohtsuka joined the Kawasaki
Bank, during the year he is believed to have met Morihei Ueshiba
Sensei, the founder of Aikido and this began a deep founded influential
friendship. After two years at the bank Ohtsuka Sensei decided to
become a full time Martial Artist. His mother, however, opposed
this, wishing her son to continue his career in banking. Out of
respect for this mother and family he postponed his ambitions, but
continued to study Jujitsu.
Ohtsuka was awarded on 1st June 1920
the highest degree of Shindo Yoshin Ryu Jujitsu, which allowed him
to succeed his master's position as fourth Grand Master.
The 1922 sports festival in Tokyo
was to continue his obsession with all Martial Arts. For the first
time Ohtsuka was to encounter Karate. Gichin Funakoshi Sensei was
invited by the Japanese Education Department to demonstrate his
style of Okinawan Karate (Tode). Kano Sensei, a renowned Martial
Arts Instructor, accepted that the spirit behind karate was the
same as Japanese Martial Arts, which served to promote its message
and style.
Ohtsuka was impressed with this newly
promoted Martial Art. He visited Funakoshi Sensei on numerous occasions
during his stay, discussing techniques and other aspects of Karate.
Funakoshi Sensei prolonged his visit by invitation from the Japanese
Education department. He was "impressed" by Ohtsuka's
enthusiasm and determination to understand Karate and agreed to
teach him all he knew about Karate. Within the space of a year Ohtsuka
Sensei had studied all the Katas that Funakoshi had brought from
Okinawa, although he found certain movements and techniques difficult
to implement and understand. This led Ohtsuka in his search for
a deeper understanding of Karate to practice Kata with Mabuni Sensei
the founder of Shuto-Ryu Karate.
In 1925 Ohtsuka's mother died and
he was left in a period of indecision about his career. After three
years of deep philosophical thought, he left the Kawasaki Bank and
set up a "bone setting" practice, similar to a small hospital.
His prowess in the Martial Arts had led him to be the Chief Instructor
of Shindo Yoshin Ryu Jujitsu and an assistant instructor at Funakoshi
Sensei's dojo. By the year 1929 Ohtsuka was a registered member
of the Japan Martial Arts Federation. At this time Okinawan Karate
only concentrated upon Kata, Ohtsuka thought that the full spirit
of Budo, which concentrates both upon defense and attack, was missing.
Ohtsuka Sensei meanwhile had been developing Yakusoko Kumite to
compensate for the lack of attacking techniques. He thought there
was a need for a more fluid type of Karate and decided to leave
Funakoshi Sensei to concentrate on developing his own style of Karate,
"Wado".
The
year of 1934 proved to be a major year for Ohtsuka and "Wado"
Karate. On February 28th Ohtsuka the 2nd was born. It is uncanny
that during this year Wado-Ryu Karate was also "born"
and officially recognised to be an independent style. This recognition
meant a departure for Ohtsuka from his hospital and a fulfillment
of his life's ambition, to become a full time Martial Artist. In
1935 Karate received a further promotion upon Kano Sensei's recommendation
to be accepted as a Martial Art, but at first only as an extension
of Judo by the Japan Martial Arts Federation.
Ohtsuka Sensei's personalised style
of Karate was officially registered in 1938 after he was awarded
the rank of "Renshi-go". He presented a magnificent demonstration
of "Wado" Karate for the Japan Martial Arts Federation
who were impressed with his style and commitment and successfully
acknowledged him as a high ranking instructor. The next year the
Japan Martial Arts Federation asked all the different styles of
Karate to register their names. Ohtsuka registered the name of "Wado-Ryu".
Other styles to register included Shotokan Ryu, Goju Ryu and Shito-Ryu.
The next few years witnessed Wado Ryu karate growing from strength
to strength, new dojos were opening and karate was being taught
at the Universities. Ohtsuka himself was becoming a recognised figure
within the World of Martial Arts. In 1942 he was awarded the title
of Kyoshi-go. During that year a future great master Tatsuo Suzuki
began training in Wado-Ryu Karate. In 1943 Ohtsuka the 2nd began
his pursuits in the field of the Martial Arts. He began Kendo under
the strict instruction of an army officer called Miyata Sensei.
In 1944 Ohtsuka Sensei was appointed Japans Chief Karate instructor
and in 1945 Ohtsuka the 2nd began to receive expert instruction
from his father. In 1947 Teruo Kono began Karate but did not start
training with Ohtsuka Sensei until 1951 and in 1955 the first all
Japan Wado-Ryu Karate championships were held.
Until the 1960s Martial Arts and
especially Wado-Ryu karate remained upon the small islands of Japan.
It was hardly recognised outside of the East. This was soon to change.
In 1963 a three-man team left Japan to conquer America and Europe.
The team was composed of Mr. Arakawa, Mr Takashima and Mr. T. Suzuki.
The impressions they left upon America and Europe were tremendous,
Wado-Ryu Karate became recognised worldwide for its true merits.
Back in Japan in 1966 Ohtsuka Sensei
was awarded the title "Kun Goto Suokuo Kyoku jujitsu Shou"
by the late Emperor Horohito. It was presented by the Emperor for
his dedication to the introduction and teaching of karate.
By the early 1970s karate had become
truly established worldwide. Ohtsuka continued to train and instruct
in Japan, whilst a team of highly qualified Japanese Sensei's continued
to spread the doctrines of Wado-Ryu Karate worldwide.
Ohtsuka Sensei in 1972 was historically
awarded with an honor never before bestowed upon any Karate master,
the president of the International Martial Arts Federation, a member
of the Japanese royal family, presented Ohtsuka with the title of
"Meijin" - the first excellent Marital Artist in Karate
(10th Dan) it was the greatest title possible and bestowed upon
him.
In 1980 Ohtsuka Meijin began to think
about retirement as the head of Wado Karate and wanted his son to
succeed him as Grand Master. However other high level Wado Karateka
were not in favor of this and wished for a different leader to be
appointed. Although many negotiations took place no agreement could
be reached and some of these Wado Karateka broke away and formed
their own association.
Ohtsuka Meijin continued to
lead the World of Wado-Ryu Karate until the 20th November 1981,
when he finally decided to abdicate his possession as Grand Master
of Wado-Ryu Karate and nominated his son Hironori Ohtsuka 2nd as
his successor. Hironori Ohtsuka Meijin peacefully passed away on
19th January 1982, two months later. Throughout the entire world
where Marital Arts are practiced he will always be remembered for
his enormous contribution and individual devotion to Wado Karate.
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